Analyzing the relationship between energy use for economic development and CO2 emissions, crop, and livestock production in Pakistan by using the extended STIRPAT model
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School of Public Administration, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Zhejiang Hangzhou 310018, China
 
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School of Mathematics and Statistics, Gansu Key Laboratory of Applied Mathematics and Complex Systems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
 
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School of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China
 
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School of Mathematics and Statistics, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Zhejiang Hangzhou 310018, China
 
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The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
 
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Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
 
 
Submission date: 2024-01-31
 
 
Acceptance date: 2024-02-17
 
 
Publication date: 2024-03-30
 
 
Corresponding author
Mohammad Anwar   

anwarmohammad.uos@gmail.com
 
 
Trends in Ecological and Indoor Environmental Engineering, 2024;2(1):1-10
 
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Contemporary human-made activities are responsible for the emission of more than 30 billion tons of carbon dioxide (CO2), a greenhouse gas, into the atmosphere. The current study's primary purpose is to examine the key elements that contribute to the elevated levels of the release of CO2 into the environment in Pakistan. The research used Pakistan's annual data spanning from 1970 to 2020, along with the STIRPAT (Stochastic Impact by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology) model. The relationship between the emission of CO2 into the atmosphere and other chosen factors is examined using the ARDL (Auto Regressive Distributive Lag) model and the ECM (Error Correction Model). These models help to establish the credibility of the acquired findings. The paired Granger causality analysis revealed the presence of both unidirectional and bidirectional causation between the specified variables in the study activity. Pakistan must prioritize tackling the fundamental challenges afflicting its farming industry, particularly those pertaining to the efficiency of its livestock and crop production. The novelty of this study comes in its investigation of the interaction between hitherto undiscovered macro-level properties and the emission of CO2 into the environment of Pakistan. The findings may assist policymakers in formulating an environmental and agricultural strategy aimed at promoting the use of sophisticated low-carbon technology.
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